Human Resource Department The Heart Of The Organization

Human Resource Department: The Heart of the Organization Human Resource Department is one of the essential divisions in an organization with a complete structure. Its function involves maximizing employee performance, improving the company policies, enhancing the skills of the employees through training, established system in the organization, managing people, give rewards and privileges, planning, implementing and a lot more. Why there is a need of this department? This is because people are the biggest asset of a company that no one can ever replicate. Thus, they need to be managed, controlled, trained and improved. This is the birth of Human Resource Department or the HRD. According to Ruth Mayhew of studioD, an ably run human resources department can offer the organization with structure and the ability to meet business goals through managing company s most valuable resources -- its employees. There are several HR disciplines, or areas, but HR practitioners in each discipline may perform more than one of the more than six essential functions. In small businesses without a dedicated HR department, it s possible to achieve the same level of efficiency and workforce management through outsourcing HR functions or joining a professional employer organization (Ruth Mayhew, Six Main Functions of a Human Resource Department). In addition, there are six major functions namely: recruitment, safety, employee relations, compensation and benefits, compliance, and training andShow MoreRelatedThe Safety And Health Act Of The Civil Rights Act And The Americans With Disabilities Act Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pagesenvironments, organizations started to see that trying to function without a human resource management team would only lead to disastrous results. HRM had the added responsibilities of making sure that they not only knew these labor laws, but understood how to incorporate them into their organization. Workers after countless hours of protesting for their rights, had labor laws that were put in place to give all workers the protection and respect that they needed from their organization. ThereforeRead MoreWeek 4-Individual Organizational Structure Paper1108 Words   |  5 Pagestrait to any organization in the business world of today is the functions within the organization. Overall, an organizing fun ction of management outlines the practice in which individuals within the organization interact and work with each other. CellCom Inc. is small cell phone company located only in Northeastern Wisconsin and is consider a reputable organization. The functions at CellCom Inc.’s stores, offices and distribution centers has allowed the optimum of organizational resources to effectivelyRead MoreHuman Resource Specialist Careers : Difference Between A Specialist And Generalist1283 Words   |  6 PagesAn organization is only as good as the people who work within it. People are the single most valuable commodity in a business and without its workforce; a business would simply be a structure and an idea. Human Resource Management is the heart of the organization. It handles providing that valuable resource by recruiting people, training them, providing them with compensation, developing policies that affect them, motivating them, and developing strategies to keep them and much mor e. This paperRead MoreHiring The Right Managers And Employees877 Words   |  4 Pagesis essential. The company personnel are the heart and soul of a business; without employees a business is no more than just an elaborate idea. Therefore, employees need to be much more than just a paycheck collector. On top of being reliable, having initiative, and possessing a strong work ethic, a successful organization employs people that are a good fit with the company culture and are capable of executing the strategy well. Staffing the organization with managers and employees capable of executingRead MoreHospice And Palliative Care Center1358 Words   |  6 PagesExecutive Summary During the summer of 2015 semester I had the opportunity to intern with Hospice Palliative Care Center located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Hospice and Palliative Care Center is an organization that stands behind its mission to provide compassionate care for those with a life-limiting illness, and their families, through quality medical, emotional, spiritual and social support (Hospice Palliative Care Center, 2015). Hospice and Palliative Care Center is a place whereRead MoreHuman Resource Department And The Human Resources Department1629 Words   |  7 PagesThe Human Resource Department is one of the essential divisions in an organization with a complete structure. Its function involves maximizing employee performance, improving the company policies, enhancing the skills of the employees through training, established system in the organization, managing people, give rewards and privileges, planning, implementing and a lot more. Why there is a need of this department? This is because people are the biggest asset of a company that no one can ever replicateRead MoreComparison Between Health Systems And The United States And France Essay1392 Words   |  6 PagesFrance will be compared. The topics that will be discussed are health statistics and costs, health care and financing, health care administration, and human resources. Data will be provided to each pertaining country, and both countries will be compared. The reason France was chosen to be compared to the United States is that the World Health Organization (WHO) ranked France number one for health care and to see how the United States matches up to the number one country. Health Statistics and CostsRead MoreHuman Resource Department And The Human Resources Department1509 Words   |  7 PagesThe Human Resource Department is one of the essential divisions in an organization with a complete structure. Its function involves maximizing employee performance, improving the company policies, enhancing the skills of the employees through training, established system in the organization, managing people, give rewards and privileges, planning, implementing and a lot more. Why there is a need of this department? This is because people are the biggest asset of a company that no one can ever replicateRead MoreHuman Resource Management Practice Strategies1770 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Resource Management Practice Certain combinations of human resource management practices lead to superior outcomes for organizations. The HR combination department is at the heart of organizational performance, productivity, turnover, profits, and market value outcomes. Employees are considered a source of non-duplicable and sustainable competitive advantage. By using the combinations in capabilities, resources, relationships and decisions presented by employees, organizations strategicallyRead MoreHuman Resource Planning And Performance Management Systems998 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The organization chosen for this paper is Lakeside Behavioral Health Hospital. Lakeside Hospital takes care of the mental and behavioral diseases and illnesses. The hospital assists with onsite management, monitoring and housing facilities for children, adolescence, young adults and seniors. This paper will discuss in slight detail about the history of Lakeside Hospital, and their approach to recruiting, selection, training and managing their employees. Then assess the effectiveness

How Nurses Are Regulated By The Missouri Nursing Practice Act

How Nurses Are Regulated by the Missouri Nursing Practice Act The Missouri Nursing Practice Act governs the requirements for obtaining and it also empowers the Missouri State Board of Nursing with the ability to take disciplinary action against a nurse’s license. The Missouri State Board of Nursing can issue, deny, or reinstate a license. The board can also take disciplinary action against a license and â€Å"impose any of the following disciplines singularly or in combination: censure, probation, suspension, revocation† (Missouri State Board of Nursing, 2015a) when a registered nurse violates the Nursing Practice Act. A license can be denied, revoked, or suspended for the following reasons: drug abuse, alcohol abuse, incompetency, negligence, fraud, dishonesty, over charging, over treating, misconduct, misrepresentation, unethical conduct, unprofessional conduct, inappropriate relationships, performing duties beyond the scope of practice, inappropriate delegation, be ing listed as a sex offender, failure to pay license renewal fees, failure to cooperate with the board during an investigation, for a full detailed list see 335.066 of the Missouri Nursing Practice Act (Missouri State Board of Nursing, 2014). When a complaint is filed with the MSBON determines if the complaint contains â€Å"sufficient information to investigate and alleging conduct that would violate the Nursing Practice Act† (Missouri State Board of Nursing, 2014). If the complaint meets that criteria it isShow MoreRelatedThe Scope Of Nursing Practice1573 Words   |  7 Pagesscope of nursing practice is regulated and outlined by the State Board of Nursing for each state. While every eligible student takes the same National Council Licensure Exam (NCLEX), minimum education requirements and eligibility may differ state to state (Potter, Perry, 2013). Since nurses must have a license for each state practiced in, this becomes complicated for those working near state borders, occupational nurses for companies operating in multiple states, and traveling nurses. ObtainingRead MoreImportance Of Professional Nursing Roles And Scope Of Nursing Practice1850 Words   |  8 PagesJaimie Good The Importance of Professional Nursing Roles and Scope of Nursing Practice Missouri State University â€Æ' Abstract This paper discusses historical events that influenced the nursing profession, how the ANA’s Scope of Nursing Practice publication contributes to the nursing profession, the impact of the AACN’s BSN essentials on nursing education, the role of the ANA’s Code of Ethics in Nursing, and how nurses are regulated by the Missouri Nurse Practice Act. This paper also looks at the disciplinaryRead MoreHealthcare Essay18323 Words   |  74 Pagesthe social, political, and economic antecedents on which the US system is based have led to the formation of a unique system of health care delivery, as described in Chapter 1. This chapter discusses how these forces have been instrumental in shaping the current structure of medical services and how they are likely to shape its future. The evolutionary changes discussed here illustrate the American beliefs and values (discussed in Chapter 2) in action, within the context of broad social, politicalRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesDevelopmental Editor: Laura Hurst Spell Developmental Editor: Jane Beck Associate Marketing Manager: Jaime Halteman Project Manager: Erin Melloy Buyer: Kara Kudronowicz Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds Cover Designer: Studio Montage, St. Louis, Missouri Cover Images: Top to bottom,  © Mark Downey/Getty Images; Jacobs Stock Photography/Getty Images;  © Goodshoot/PunchStock Media Project Manager: Balaji Sundararaman Compositor: Aptara ®, Inc. Typeface: 10/12 Times Roman Printer: Quad/Graphics All creditsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational BehaviorRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesSecurity Officer Role 565 554 520 Contents Risk Management for Information Security 565 Compliance with Laws and Regulations 567 Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) 567 Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (GBLA) 569 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) The PATRIOT Act 569 Organizational Polices for Information Security Planning for Business Continuity 571 Electronic Records Management (ERM) 571 569 Review Questions 573 †¢ Discussion Questions 574 †¢ Read MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesproduct accessible and available to target customers. A) Line extension B) Segmentation C) Marketing research D) Channel E) New-product development Answer: D Page Ref: 27 Objective: 5 Difficulty: Moderate 79) A marketers only concern is how best to create demand for a new product produced by his company. Improving product design is not his responsibility. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 4 Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy 80) A short definition of marketing is meeting needs profitably.

The Role Of Intellectuals In The Rise Of Marxism History Essay Free Essays

string(82) " alterations in the societal construction coming from within the societal system\." Marxism refers to the socio-political and economic universe position which proposes socialism as a political political orientation to transform society into a better entity. The conceivers of Marxism were Karl Marx together with Friedrich Engels who lived in Britain but had originally migrated from Germany. Basically Marxism interprets society materialistically adopting the thought that societal alteration is driven by category battles where different categories compete to acquire better conditions. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role Of Intellectuals In The Rise Of Marxism History Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Karl Marx and Engels argued that capitalist economy has resulted in subjugation of the lower category that form the bulk in society and does non have belongings by the middle class or the rich. This paper discuses how intellectuals helped in the rise of Marxism and concludes that they were the driving force in its rise. Marxism idea has had a profound influence on intellectuals while intellectuals have contributed a batch to this idea. Many academicians in a broad scope of subjects have adopted the historical apprehension of society espoused by Marxism including political scientists, economic expert, philosophers, psychologists, sociologists, historiographers and a host of many other intellectuals. The period that saw the most important application of Marx idea in societies around the universe was the twentieth century where intellectuals of note advanced the Marxist thought to pervade through political, economic and societal domains of life ( Curtis, 1997 ) . Marxist idea developed into a powerful political and societal motion with Marxist authoritiess taking over power in many states in the universe. Intellectuals and the Rise of Marxism An rational can be referred to as anybody who employs intelligence-which is fundamentally thought and reason-in a critical and analytical mode at the professional or personal capacity. Intellectuals advancing the Marxist construct have chiefly dealt with theories and learned thoughts based on the original Marxist theory to develop their ain version of societal alteration effort that has had a large consequence on the rise of Marxism ( Bottomore, 1991 ) . Intellectuals have over clip been interested in Marxism although sometimes with really different positions. Notably, intellectuals have influenced Marxism by virtuousness of the facts that they come from categories within society, they aid in construing constructs and suiting them to specific state of affairss and besides, they are potentially leaders by virtuousness of their apprehension of society and its challenges and chances. Largely, intellectuals have been linked with political orientations and those concerned with Marxism have had a profound impact on the political and societal developments of assorted states in the twentieth century. The Russian revolution in 1917 led to the constitution of the individual most powerful state tally based on Marxist political orientation. The Soviet Union was founded in the twelvemonth 1922 with several leaders of note like Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky being important Marxist theoreticians. Theoretical tendencies like Stalinism, Trotskyism and Marxism-Leninism were branchs of Marxism. In add-on to that, the civil war of China resulted in the people A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s democracy of China in 1949 with Mao Zedong, the first leader developing the theoretical Maoism. A figure of states including, Cuba, Nepal, North Korea and Venezuela have besides followed in these lines with leaders who adopted Marxist doctrine set uping Marxist leadings. All these leaders brought around socialist reforms in their states. To get down with, possibly the most of import intellectuals who promoted Marxism were the conceivers, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It is worthy observing that Marxism has taken many dimensions in the class of clip with different theoreticians coming up with their ain versions. This wider position of Marxism can be contrasted to classical Marxism which is what the original minds Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels put frontward as their idea ( Curtis, 1997 ) . Karl Marx was a philosopher and political economic expert who besides became a noteworthy socialist revolutionist. His most noteworthy plants were turn toing issues of development and disaffection of the working category in capitalist economy and besides in developing the Theory of Historical Materialism. Marx analyzed history of worlds history based on category battles and produced the Communist Manifesto together with Friedrich Engels, the most of import of their work. His original thoughts proved really influential at the clip and subsequently particularly after the industrial revolution increased the wealth of states which was acquired by a few persons who oppressed the remainder of society. Marx thesis was ; the history of society has ever been the history of category battles. Following this statements, Marx called for societal alteration where he urged the exploited working category to lift up against the opinion category and the wealthy so as to accomplish a just distribution of resources ( Krygier, 1994 ) . As already stated, Friedrich Engels was an confederate of Marx and the carbon monoxide writer of the Communist pronunciamento and the Communist theory. Engels was a political philosopher who alongside Marx was deported from several states in Europe due to his political and societal positions. For case, after the publication of the Communist pronunciamento in 1848, both Marx and Engels had to travel to Cologne after Belgium threw them out. The two wrote several other plants and published politically extremist newspapers advancing the Communist ideals that they held. Notably, although the two came up with a new and independent idea, they were greatly influenced by former minds and philosophers. Karl Marx drew his influences from classical Germany doctrine, early Gallic socialism and besides from classical British economic sciences ( Pejovich, 1990 ) . Gallic socialists saw capitalist economy as advancing a bad societal organisation, that of private belongings rights and hence capitalist economy. They blamed it for working category poorness, income inequality, kid labour, unemployment and many of the societal jobs. These thoughts were held by Marx as true ( Pejovich, 1990 ) . Philosophers from Germany like Hegel, Immanuel Kant and Ludwig Feuerbach besides influenced Marx thought a batch. Hegel for illustration tried to explicate a Social Change Theory stating that human history has been shaped by alterations in the societal construction coming from within the societal system. You read "The Role Of Intellectuals In The Rise Of Marxism History Essay" in category "Essay examples" Marx besides developed his Theory of Historical Materialism based on this basic thought ( Pejovich, 1990 ) . Furthermore, Marx borrowed from the British economic expert David Ricardo the Labor Theory of Value. The theory fundamentally espoused that any trade good A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s value can be equated to the figure of hours needed to bring forth it. To Karl Marx excessively, the working category were being exploited when the capitalist took the far greater excess and paid workers meagre rewards. Significant Modern Theorists Assorted other intellectuals built upon the Marxist theory and came up with discrepancies that drove political and societal alteration in societies across the universe. One of these discrepancies and possibly the most noteworthy in footings of followings and impact is Marxism-Leninism. Besides known as Collectivism or as many like to mention to it, communism, it had its ideological beginnings from Vladimir Lenin and other Russian intellectuals parts to Marx idea. As a immature adult male, Lenin was involved in practising jurisprudence before acquiring into political relations where he did radical propaganda. He was arrested and jailed for some months before being sent to expatriate in Siberia where he published many theoretical plants ( Read, 2005 ) . Lenin subsequently became the leader of a split Social Democratic Labor Party which sought to subvert the Tsarist government. The split was occasioned by the differing ideological positions about the most suited manner of conveying soci etal alteration to Russia with Lenin staying with the Bolshevik cabal that finally took power ( Read, 2005. Basically, what Lenin and fellow intellectuals did was usage assorted agencies to distribute Marxist political orientations to the in-between category in Russia so as to make possible for a revolution by beat uping the working category and other lower categories against the opinion category. This work is what eventually led to the revolution of 1917 in Russia that introduced Marxist political orientation into the political and societal landscape of Russia widely referred to as communism ( Read, 2005 ) . Lenin introduced a socialist system of administration in Russia that replaced the absolute regulation of the Tsars. As a organic structure of idea, Marxism-Leninism was later closely identified with Joseph Stalin as its figure caput when Lenin died. Over clip nevertheless, there were ideological developments within the same political orientation of Marxism-Leninism that creped up within Russia itself. These schools of idea continued to act upon the pattern of socialism in Russia and its orbiters for a long clip therefore keeping Marxism together. Some of the major goings from the original Marxist-Leninism were the denouncing of the cult of personality that had developed around Stalin by Nikita Khrushchev and the dogma that category struggles go on even under socialism. Marxism political orientations continued playing a large portion of Russia A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s personal businesss up to the decennary of 1990s. The long being of the Marxist pattern was enabled by the being of communist party members who continued advancing Marxist political orientations even exporting it to other states apar t from the USSR during the cold war epoch. Intellectuals back uping Marxism would acquire educated in communist states and travel back place to form revolutions. Chinese pupils were exposed to western socialism largely in Japan which was comparatively developed at the clip. The degree of rational involvement in Marxism amongst the Chinese was reasonably low in early twentieth century but changed when Russia managed the Bolshevik revolution and besides when the May Fourth Movement occurred in China. Harmonizing to Daniels ( 1987 ) , the East particularly China was non attracted to communism by Marxian analysis of history as subjugation of the lower category by the rich and powerful. Communism appealed to intellectuals of the East as a new subject and manner of life that would set their state in a better place to industrialise and derive national power to be able to vie with other states of the West which were good in front in footings of development. It really presented them with a manner of occidentalizing without really copying the West. Bing chiefly an agricultural economic system, Chinese Marxist intellectuals used the peasantry to advance their aspirations for a revolution by mentioning to it as the radical category. The sheer Numberss of the peasantry made it possible for the Chinese Marxists to prevail. The communist motion in China was really much divorced from workers in the old ages prior to the Communists presuming power. It was fundamentally used as an look of intellectuals who were extremist minded. Mao Tse-tung was the one intellectual who pushed for a engagement of the provincials to assist convey about a revolution ( Daniels, 1987 ) . The communist motion in China was therefore headed by intellectuals who followed the Marxian political orientation that the working and lower category must unify and lift up against the opinion category so as to convey societal alteration. Intellectuals saw this as an chance to utilize the people non merely to convey the much needed societal alteration but besides come up with political alterations with them at the helm. In China, there existed many approaching intellectuals who holding been schooled in western instruction started to dispute traditional Chinese doctrine and faulting it for the jobs in China at the clip. Knight ( 2005 ) says the most noteworthy intellectuals who promoted Marxist political orientations included Mao Zedong, Qu Quibai, Ai Siqi and Li Dazhao. The four and others were basically revolutionists who used doctrine to acquire a better apprehension of the universe and a manner of rushing up alteration in the state. Marxism and the political orientations expressed in it were new to Chinas cultural agreements because the positions developed outside China. However, Marxism as already noted, was found to be appealing by the Chinese intellectuals because of the possible benefits of altering the Chinese society and delivery development in the state. Mao Zedong was peculiarly influential in advancing communism in China and initiated many efforts at cultural alterations in the state which involved a batch of grassroots mobilisations that built on Marxist ideological entreaty. The cult of Mao created by Mao Zedong and his close associates was besides of import in fostering the dogmas of Marxism and therefore steadfastly set uping communist leading. An Analysis of Marxism entreaty to Intellectuals Novack ( 1935 ) argues that the clerisy of any society do non do up a category and make non by any agencies stand above the categories. Intellectuals are a group which is made up of members who are consciously or unconsciously pressed into functioning all categories. This group is really heterogenous due to the fact that it is drawn from different categories. They have different commitments, societal beginnings and aspirations. Thus the map of intellectuals is to joint issues and political orientations for the benefit of all members and categories of society. Although the intellectuals have ever held a better place in society ( most come from the in-between category ) than the lower category which is down trodden, Marxism held a great entreaty to both of these groups. Again, holding no other theory to explicate the history of human dealingss, Marxism seemed logical plenty and still does to intellects ( Perry et al, 2009 ) . As Karl Marx himself observed, the rational are in a better place to rule others in the societal agreement by virtuousness of their cognition and ability ( Rockmore, 2002 ) . The intellectuals hence saw an chance in socialism where they could take the bulk of people to arise against the opinion category and therefore set up better conditions for all. This entreaty was so great and is what led intellectuals to mobilise the working categories and the hapless to lift against the swayers. By distributing these thoughts, the intellectuals played the greatest portion in the rise of Marxism and its outcrops in many states around the universe. Intelligibly, Marxism is an ideological motion with really extremist propositions but one that had non been tried before. To intellectuals, the statement in this political orientation was logical and straightforward and given the many jobs afflicting many societies in the universe, intellectuals saw Marxism as the greatest hope for humanity. Decision Marxism has held a great ideological entreaty to non lone intellectuals but besides the disadvantaged in society. Although its application proved a failure in the twentieth century with the diminution of communist governments, the political orientation continues to hold great entreaty to intellectuals across the universe. The work of intellectuals being the critical and originative analysis of ideological concepts, it has been instrumental in act uponing societies to follow Marxism and convey societal alteration. Intellectuals have promoted Marxism by coming up with thoughts about socialist society and suiting them to the peculiar contexts from which they come from. Besides, intellectuals have been instrumental in existent mobilisation of the hapless and working category to convey about revolutions across the universe. Notably, it is intellectuals who rose to the helm of political leading of the Communist regimes that came up during the twentieth century. In this manner, they were ab le to advance the rise of Marxism around the universe. How to cite The Role Of Intellectuals In The Rise Of Marxism History Essay, Essay examples

Meat Tenderizer free essay sample

Which type of meat will tenderize most using cola drinks? Aim: -To help Namibians use a cheaper, easier and always available type of meat tenderizer. Hypothesis: Beef will tenderize most. Background: In my research,†Phosphoric Acid†, the main ingredient of cola drinks, is assumed to be of high enough concentration to deteriorate a piece of meat. So in this experiment, I want to prove if cola drinks can tenderize meat and what type of meat can it tenderize most. Plan: The plan is to come up with my researches and seek help from others. Then, I have to understand every single step from the start until the end, to reach to my conclusions. -Variables * The independent variable in this experiment is the kind of meat using: * BEEF * PORK * CHICKEN * The controlled variables are the following: * Cola drink’s quantity * Meat’s weight * Bowl’s size Meetings amp; Discussions: At first, I researched for experiments that can be done and I ask myself how cola drinks can clean rust and by that I found out that it was because of phosphoric acid. So, that brought me up to the idea of this experiment. Time Schedule: 5PM| Start of experiment| | Midnight| Observance| Recorded and investigated| 8AM-NEXT DAY| observance| Investigated| 10AM- NEXT DAY| Observance| Research and recorded| 5PM-NEXT DAY| Results| Recorded | *The experiment was 24hrs. Controls: -The meat has the same grams. -The same number of hours on the meat used. -The same amount of Coke poured on the meat. Material amp; Apparatus used: 1. Meat: 60grams of Pork, beef and chicken 2. 330 ml can of cola (3cans). 3. Bowls of the same kind and size. 4. Weighing scale 5. Chopping board and knife Experimental Work: -Weigh the meat separately. The scale of the meat should be 60 grams. Place the meat in bowls. Observe the colour, smell and texture. -With a help, add the 330 ml coke in each meat at the same time. -Observe what happens every time you see it. -Final observance is after 24 hours. -After 24 hours, observe the colour, smell, scale and texture. -Take out all the meat from the bowl and use a chopstick to feel, what meat is the softens (tenderize). Further Investi gations: -At first I had salmon. : I changed it to chicken. -The weighing scale was not working properly. : We bought a new one. -We added 2 cups of coke only, which was really little : We used 330 ml can of cola. Evaluation/Reflection: -I should have compared 4-5 meats, instead of 3 only. -I should have made the correct amount of cola(Exact amount). -I should have made the right scale. Results: 5PM: (START OF EXPERIMENT) 1-Most 2-More/Medium 3-Least MEAT| APPEANCE OF BUBBLES AFTER PORING| FLOAT| SMELLS LIKE -| COLOUR| Pork| 1| 3| Cola| Light Red/Pink| Beef| 3| 2| Cola| Red| Chicken| 2| 1| Cola| Light Pink| MIDNIGHT: MEAT| APPEARANCE OF BUBBLES| Pork| 1| Beef| 3| Chicken| 2| AROUND 8AM (THE NEXT DAY): -Pork sank. 10AM: N. B. Sedimentation is the process by which particles in suspension in liquid form sediment. Sediment is a material, originally suspended in a liquid, that settles at the bottom of the liquid when it is left standing for a long time. MEAT| SEDIMENTATION| Pork| 1| Beef| 2| Chicken| 3| RESULTS AT 5PM: N. B. Supernatant is usually a clear liquid above material deposited by sedimentation, precipitation, or centrifugation. MEAT| SUPERNATANT(CLEAR)| SEDIMENTS| TOP BUBBLES| Pork| 1| 1| 1| Beef| 2| 2| 2| Chicken| 3| 3| 3| MEAT| SCALE AFTER EXPERIMENT| SMELL| COLOUR| Pork| 60grams| None| Lighter than before/Light brown or pink| Beef| 60grams| A little bit of cola| Pale| Chicken| 60grams| Spoiled meat| Same colour as before/Light pink| MOST TENDERIZE: PORK BEEF CHICKEN Interpretation of results: 5AM: After pouring the coke in the bowl, I observed that the pork has more bubbles than the two. The pork sank, but the chicken and beef floated. MIDNIGHT: When I checked at midnight, I saw that the coke has a lot of bubbles at the top; beef has a few, while chicken has none- only in some places of the chicken. 10AM: I observed that the cola in the pork went below the bowl (sedimentation) and the top of it was clear (supernatant). The cola in the beef was also having sediments below the bowl, but not like pork. The top of it was really blurred. The cola in the chicken has neither sedimentation nor supernatant. 5PM: I observed that the colour of the pork became lighter than the original colour. I smelled it but there was no sense of smell there. The colour of beef became pale than the original one, and the smell was a bit of cola. The colour of chicken stayed as it is and it smelled like spoiled meat. I took out all the meat from the bowls and observed†¦ I scaled it all, and the scale was the same as before- 60grams. I used a toothpick to test which type of meat was tenderize most†¦. I observed that the chicken was really hard and it seemed like it was not tenderized at all. Beef was soft at some parts, but some parts are not. I observed that pork was the softest, which means it is the most tenderized meat. Conclusions: -In this experiment pork was tenderized most because the whole part of the meat sank in a cola drink, which therefore can be a good tenderizer. Problems and Solutions: -I did not get to find out the correct scale of meat, so I researched and asked help from elderly. -I did not know the correct amount of cola, so I researched. Skills Learned: -Not being shy to seek help from others. -Continue to what I am doing before going to another work. -Manage my time. -Cola drinks can tenderize meat because of phosphoric acid/we can tenderize meat easily and cheap. -Pork was tenderized most because it was the type of meat that sank and absorbed most cola in the experiment (In this case, I disapprove with my hypothesis). Bibliography: Tolman J. (UNKNOWN YEAR). Experiments with Meat and Cola (Retrieved 23 April 2012) http://www. ehow. com Acknowledgements: -Ms. Daisy Cortez, my Natural Science teacher -My mom amp; dad -My uncle

Pop Music free essay sample

Its the weekly potash. Im Terry Lam. Today Im going to talk about pop music In the 21st Century. Basically, pop music Is short for popular music and nowadays, there are many different countries In the world are doing pop music Like Britain, America, Korea, Japan, Africa and China, and among all of these countries, recently the most famous pop music country is Korea and Japan which is called K- pop and J-pop and they are very popular through the whole world. In pop music, guitar is the most used instrument and also other types of guitars like bass, acoustic ND electric guitar.And there are other instruments such as piano, keyboard, drums, organs, synthesizers, brass, percussion, strings and vocals. Most pop music is doing in bands and some are doing in single. The characteristics of pop music are usually repetitive and it goes In a sort of pattern, It also encourages dancing as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Pop Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Before, folk music was most common musical form for all classes of people, but since the mild-sasss pop music has been Identified as the music and the musical styles that are accessible to the widest audience.This means the music that sells the most popes, draws the largest concert audiences, and is played most often on the radio. There are many people are doing pop music, and the age of people who are doing it are very wide, like in Korea, a group called Girls Story. They are the youngest ever pop music group with an average age of below 10, and they have already released their own album. And there is another band in Britain called The Simmers. The oldest member was born In 1913, and he has died two years ago which he was already 98 years old.In Britain, there are quite a lot famous pop singers Like one direction, Carrey Rae Jeeps, Justine Bibber, Iranian, Kathy Perry and etc These singers are all very popular in 2012. They have all released their own NV on Youth and their NV have got over a hundred thousand views. So lets talk about K-pop which is Korean pop music. K-pops popularity is keep increasing in these few years. In 2012 summer in July, a singer called sys had released a song called Kananga Song and this song is very famous in every single country around the world including UK because of his horse dance and funny music video.In addition, he has live performances in various places such as Japan, Korea, hind, America and Paris. It the January 2013, his music video has been viewed over 1. 2 billion on Youth and he has broken the record of Justine Bribers Baby and also the Guinness World record Music influences peoples mind: and these can be both positive and negative joyful song, they would have a cheerful and happy mood but when they are listening to a slow and sad song, they would become sad and emotional as well. In the past decades, teenagers love pop music and they love to learn from it like raping and dancing.It has become an important part in their daily lives. Teenagers could also learn more vocabulary or even other foreign languages from the music. However, some type of pop music has involved some slang or swearword in it which are not a proper language and they are not good for children to learn. In this 21st century, the majority of people are listening to pop music but there are still loads of people prefer listening to classical music instead of pop music. But for me, I like both pop music and classical music. This is the end of this weekly potash. See you next week, bye bye! Pop Music free essay sample Nearly every person In society today has some kind of music that they listen to dally, but most do not realize how much they are missing out on. Most people today follow what music Is popular and what everyone else Is listening to, which only consists of a couple of different genres and a list of musical artists that sound nearly the same, who have One-Halt Wonders on the popular charts.Although nearly everyone in todays society has some kind of love for music, most people are missing out on the full experience due to either the lack of understanding and knowledge, or the fear of trading away from what is popular, to discover new musical frontiers. Many people, especially teenagers would put up an argument defending why they believe that popular music is the best music out there.They would defend Pop music with reasons such as, that they can dance to the music, the artists are rich and famous, and that the artists are seen as cool, or simply the fact that they dont care that much abo ut It, all they like is the beat and tune of the songs. We will write a custom essay sample on Pop Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Musical artists today are seen as many of todays pop-culture Influences and are looked up to by any teens and young adults. Music Is one of the most discussed topics, and many find that by listening to popular music, It allows them to fit In, and share something In common with everyone else.Artists In todays music scene should become popular based on their own talent, and many fans will put up their best arguments to explain why their favorite is popular, such as, My favorite artist, (Insert any random pop artist here), is way better than the stuff you listen to, they have such talent with their lyrics and music, you just wouldnt understand it (Any Pop Listener, 2013). There is a large percentage of people who only listen to music, because they enjoy the tune or beat of the song, and not as much about the songs meaning or lyrics, which can be understandable.Although it can easily be argued that there are some talented artists who are very popular, that artist usually only has one or two songs that have been hits, then after their songs arent popular anymore, the artist becomes forgotten and lost In the sea of talent outside of Pop music. Most of the arguments defending Pop music all come from Ignorance and lack of understanding on the fans part. Most of todays Pop artists are nearly talents due to the fact that most of them do not write their own music or lyrics, they pay another artist who actually has musical knowledge. In fact, what teens and young adults are too young to realize, is that about half the songs on todays Pop charts have a sample or part of another song, bought, so that the Pop artist can use it in their own song. There is a list of songs that can be named that have been on the Pop charts recently that have taken parts from songs from the sasss and sasss. Some, if not all artists n the Top 10 chart dont really write their own lyrics, and dont know how to play any instruments or have any knowledge of it to be able to write their own songs.Artists today are very often taken as a people who are seen as attractive or cool, and are put as the cover person for music, because the Industry knows that the person will attract fans due to the way that person looks. Pop artists In todays society are seen to fortune, but these artists are not people that society should be looking up to. If anyone were to look up the lyrics or actual meaning to many Pop songs, they would cost likely be astonished. Pop songs today are usually written on subjects such as: disrespecting women, drugs, partying, alcohol, and the artist bragging about how rich they are. Artists like these should not be role models, especially to the newer generations of teens and young adults. If society were to directly follow the influence of todays Pop artists, social structure would fall apart completely. If people were to take a step back, and look outside the pool of Pop music, they might find that there is a sea of talent in many other genres. A good example of that s found in todays Hard Rock and Metal genres of music. Many people today are too ignorant to try giving Metal music a chance, due to the fact that it is seen as scary and unacceptable.People think that metal music is evil, because of the way that it sounds at some times and the way the bands look. The reality of metal music is that the lyrics are motivational and inspiring, and the hardcore look and sound is to get people moving and create a unique style. Unlike Pop music artists, most metal artists are generally very talented, write all of their own music, play at least one instrument, ND are very well mannered people outside of the studio.Metal artists express true feeling and emotion throughout every one of their songs, whether the emotion is love, anger, confusion or even telling a story of a life experience. Some of the most hardcore bands in the music industry may not seem like it, but write some of the most beautiful, inspiring lyrics of any songs out there, that could never be found in Pop music. Such as the Hardcore Metal band, Of Mice Men. Proud of who you raised up. You know that I will always be here till the end. Come back so I can say hank you for this. Home cooked meals and a place to rest.My troubled head when {Oer away. Vive passed the test, Vive earned an A. Not Just in school, but in life. Youll always be right by my side to help me show hope to all that are lost and sick in this dying world. Ill use the love you left behind. Ill change their minds, Ill change their minds. I hope, I hope you smile when you look down on me. I hope you smile. : Second and Severing by Of Mice Men) Front-man of the band, Austin Carlisle, rote the lyrics of this song for his Mother who had passed away while the band was cording their first debut album.The song sounds like a crazy, scary, hardcore song, but when listening to the lyrics, the meaning completely changes. Although the singer is screaming the lyrics to the song at the top of his lungs, the raw emotion and power behind the lyrics can easily be felt, and it is enough to inspire anyone. Irish is only one of many examples of how metal music can motivate and inspire people. Stories and letters of how metal music has motivated people to keep going and saved their lives are all over the internet already. Music artists like these should be looked up to, rather than Pop music artists. In todays world nearly every person has love for some kind of music, but not all people are willing to stray away from the barrier that is Pop music, due to either lack of understanding or fear of being different than everyone else. People should have an open mind when it comes to music, and should find a genre that truly fits them as person and makes them a better person. Everyone should look up to those with good moral values and be inspired by artists who are like them as people. Pop Music free essay sample Who sang at the Grammas in Spanish in the late sass? What was the reaction? * Risky martin made the audience go crazy with a great performance. 2. When did Latin music burst back on the scene? What song brought It back to the mainstream? What effect did it have? * Conga by the Miami Sound Machine was a Cuban American band with an amazing beat. Everyone seemed to love the new sound. 3. How did the sounds of salsa change? * The sounds of salsa changed to grab the Interest of a new generation raised on Jazz, rock n roll, etc. In other words, It was Incorporated with pop. What was the Influence of CBS Latin division on the explosion of Latin music In the US? * With Its momentum lost after the 9/1 1 cancellation, the Latin Grammas struggled even more In the ratings. The televised ceremony gave up on the English-speaking audience and moved to Envision in 2005. We will write a custom essay sample on Pop Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Latin pop stars Risky Martin and Marc Anthony began issuing albums in Spanish. 5. Who were some of the artists who brought together Latin influenced music with mainstream pop music? * Artists like Risky Martin, Jennifer Lopez, Marc Anthony, Shakier, etc. All influenced Latin music with mainstream pop. 6.Why did the Latin sic influence decrease? * The Latin music influence trend faded over the years, but that did not stop Latino from producing top hits. 7. What was Regnant? * Regnant has an irrepressible blend of tropical Latin and reggae rhythms. Today many of the most popular regnant artists come from Puerco Rice, but you couldnt keep this music from sailing out to the rest of the world. 8. What other types of music are being influenced by Latin music? Pop Music free essay sample For Information on specific research collections: Sheet music and Broadsides Rare books Sound recordings Periodicals Reading room collection Archives Music Trade Catalogs Posters Playbills and Programs Photographs Background: The Centers collection documents the diversity of American music. We take as our starting point the European and African origins of American culture, selecting items which document the music of our national vernacular culture.From the 1 8th to early 20th century music was disseminated largely in printed form: sheet music, songsters, roadsides, instrumental instruction books and song anthologies. After 1 920 recorded sound gained dominance. The Centers collection reflects this change In the communication of music. The Center recognizes the interplay between musical styles in American culture by providing study-level collections In all genres.Rather than duplicating the collection depth in specialized archives, the Center strives to support local research needs in all genres while providing research-level collections In specific areas: rock roll and Its tots, the various forms of vernacular religious music, and music of Tennessee and the Southeast. We will write a custom essay sample on Pop Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The key element supporting the study of rock is a sound recordings collection strong in blues, rhythm and blues, early rock, mainstream rock from the sass to the present, and alternative rock.The Center also has extensive holdings of rock periodicals as well as biographical, historical and critical books. Research In vernacular religious music Is supported through a collection of approximately 2600 scores, including southern gospel songbooks, 19th century oblong songbooks, New England hymned, shape note music, Sunday school songs, Negro spirituals, African-American gospel and denominational hymnals.Our collection of southern gospel songbooks Is thought to be the largest Institutional collection held by a non-religious repository. The Centers sound recording collections is also deep in various African-American traditions, contemporary Christian music and southern gospel. In addition to commercial issues, the Center has approximately 100 hours of original field recordings of African-American religious music.The Centers collection of Tennessee and southeastern materials recognizes that Ragtime, Jazz, blues, Anglo- and African-American folk music, country, gospel and rock have all flourished within Tennessee. The music business of Tennessee has long been an important segment of Tennessee economy. In addition to Nashville, the cities of Memphis, Knoxville, Bristol, Chattanooga, Cleveland and Lawrencium have played significant roles in music publishing, broadcasting and recording. The Centers collection documents these business activities as well as musical ones. Pop Music free essay sample Pop music in the 21st Century Hello! Everyone, It’s the weekly podcast. I’m Terry Lam. Today I’m going to talk about pop music in the 21st Century. Basically, pop music is short for popular music and nowadays, there are many different countries in the world are doing pop music like Britain, America, Korea, Japan, Africa and China, and among all of these countries, recently the most famous pop music country is Korea and Japan which is called K-pop and J-pop and they are very popular through the whole world. In pop music, guitar is the most used instrument and also other types of guitars like bass, acoustic and electric guitar. And there are other instruments such as piano, keyboard, drums, organs, synthesizers, brass, percussion, strings and vocals. Most pop music is doing in bands and some are doing in single. The characteristics of pop music are usually repetitive and it goes in a sort of pattern, it also encourages dancing as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Pop Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Before, folk music was most common musical form for all classes of people, but since the mid-1950s pop music has been identified as the music and the musical styles that are accessible to the widest audience. This means the music that sells the most copies, draws the largest concert audiences, and is played most often on the radio. There are many people are doing pop music, and the age of people who are doing it are very wide, like in Korea, a group called Girls’ Story. They are the youngest ever pop music group – with an average age of below 10, and they have already released their own album. And there is another band in Britain called The Zimmers. The oldest member was born in 1913, and he has died two years ago which he was already 98 years old. In Britain, there are quite a lot famous pop singers like one direction, Carley Rae Jepson, Justin Bieber, Rihanna, Katy Perry and etc†¦ These singers are all very popular in 2012. They have all released their own MV on YouTube and their MV have got over a hundred thousand views. So let’s talk about K-pop which is Korean pop music. K-pop’s popularity is keep increasing in these few years. In 2012 summer in July, a singer called psy had released a song called Gangnam Song and this song is very famous in every single country around the world including UK because of his horse dance and funny music video. In addition, he has live performances in various places such as Japan, Korea, china, America and Paris. It the January 2013, his music video has been viewed over 1. 2 billion on YouTube and he has broken the record of Justin Bieber’s ‘Baby’ and also the Guinness World record Music influences people’s mind; and these can be both positive and negative influences. It can affect the mood of teenagers. When they are listening to a fast and joyful song, they would have a cheerful and happy mood but when they are listening to a slow and sad song, they would become sad and emotional as well. In the past decades, teenagers love pop music and they love to learn from it like raping and dancing. It has become an important part in their daily lives. Teenagers could also learn more vocabulary or even other foreign languages from the music. However, some type of pop music has involved some slang or swearword in it which are not a proper language and they are not good for children to learn. In this 21st century, the majority of people are listening to pop music but there are still loads of people prefer listening to classical music instead of pop music. But for me, I like both pop music and classical music. This is the end of this weekly podcast. See you next week, bye bye!

White culture essays

White culture essays In Adam Cornfords essay from 1997 Colorless All-Color: Notes on White Culture, the author makes the argument that white culture is more of an attitude and a set of ideas than a culture that has a long history and is based in race and customs. To make this argument Cornford applies the rhetorical tactics of Logos and Ethos but seems to ignore Pathos. You cannot use the traditional meaning of culture, which is an independent body of language, belief, behavior, rituals, and other factors, when you talk about white culture. There are so many people lumped under the term white and they all have their own traditional cultures that one does not apply to the entire group. The history of being white goes back to the sixteen hundreds when the classification was used to determine who could own African slaves in the English Atlantic colonies. In the United State today many groups are said to have a certain whiteness including all Europeans and culturally assimilated groups such as Asians and some middle class and light skinned Latinos and Africa Americans. In reality American whiteness is a variation of the work ethic and idea that money and material possessions are all that matters which came from the Protestant ideas of the merchant classes of England, Holland, and Germany. So the white culture is based purely on capitalism and the soci al classes that it creates and has no cultural aspects that are unique or original. White culture is defined by its insipidness and fakeness. Especially in the workplace white culture demands that people be polite, cheerful, sensually numb, unendingly busy, and they must take everything thrown at them with a smile. Whiteness is the acceptance of the sacrifice of ones individuality and personal flare all in the pursuit of money and power, which is supposed to make them happy. The rhetoric tools of logos and ethos are used effectively throughout Cornfords essay....

Human Trafficking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Trafficking - Essay Example They are forced to work at factories, farm lands, as domestic servants and even beggars. These labours are physically and sexually exploited. Migrants, economically disadvantaged people, disillusioned teenagers, and drug addicts, abducted and abandoned children fall in trap of these traffickers and are forced into sex trade. The victims of this abuse suffer psychologically and physically .After they are rescued it becomes really difficult for them to begin life afresh. They carry trauma associated with this abuse throughout their life .It is not easy for them to regain social acceptance .The children rescued from traffickers suffer depression, anxiety attacks and psychological disorders and most of them grow up into adults with criminal tendency. Women rescued suffer with various sexually transmitted diseases, other untreated medical problems and lasting threat against self and family, or even death. In many countries, the trafficking industry is a very well organised market with som etimes top officials and politicians also involved .This gives traffickers a chance to fend them from law and continue their business.

Xerox Corporation Case Study 03066 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Xerox Corporation Case Study 03066 - Essay Example One of the major and unexpected cases was of Xerox Inc., a huge reputed global technology entity. It was reported that the company practiced creative accounting techniques to manipulate its performance during the period from 1997 to 2000. Considering the case, below presented is a critical review of the case via investigating the underlying matter deeply with its circumstances and consequences. The discussion will be an effort of aligning and comparing case evidences with the defined code of conduct in the regard by authorities and authentic literature of the underlying discipline. Being a global entity in document technology business, Xerox inc., is known for quality and innovation in the field (Mui, 2012). Founded in 1906, Xerox is currently working with around 140000 employees, 12000 active patents and reported $19.5 Billion revenue for the year 2014 (Xerox, 2015). The company got entangled in an accounting scandal for the period of 1997-2000 by SEC. At that time, company’s worth was 92,500 employees, 87th rank in Fortune 500 and reported $18.7 billion sales for the year 2000 (Jessup, & Nance, 2011). Known for innovation in document technology, Xerox deals in a variety of products and services related to the digital documentation measures (Xerox, 2014). The portfolio of the company holds mainly ranges of printing devices, scanning machines, communication devices, publishing systems (Jessup, & Nance, 2011) and a wide range of offered outsource services as well (Girod, Alter, Harris and Junglas, 2011). Claiming to be the leader in document technology, Xerox admits the volatile nature of its business due to the association with the ever-changing technology. Girod, Alter, Harris, and Junglas, (2011) suggest that technology businesses work under high pressures of current competitive scenario. Slow paced innovation, technologically outdated products,

Discharge Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Discharge Planning - Essay Example Brown has been leaving a lonely life and in isolation. Supporting Mr. Brown to resume the normal physiological and mental functioning states requires that several people take part in maintaining, promoting and evaluating health care. The significance of health care practitioners is to ensure that quality and continuous health care is accorded to the patient regardless of the environment. The medical history of Mr. Brown reveals that he has had several cardiac diseases some which required surgical treatment. He suffered from hypertension which is basically a condition in which there is sustained high blood pressure in the arteries due to increased heart rate and cardiac stimulation. Ischemia heart disease is the occlusion of the coronary arteries due to fatty deposits limiting oxygen supply to the cardiac muscles and cells while coronary bypass is surgery performed to create a new path for blood flow to the heart muscles. Chronic heart failure is also cardiovascular condition whereby the cardiac function reduces significantly, the heart muscles weaken and there is reduced cardiac output. This is seen to be the complication of other cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease and hypertension that form the medical history of Mr. Brown. Discharge planning; this is a usual feature in health care service provision system whereby patient needs are determined for an effective hospital-home transition with the aim of shortening hospitalization, preventing hospital readmissions and stepping up the coordination of home based health care services. A discharge plan also acts as a link between the hospital and the place of patient discharge unified by the common interest of providing quality continuous care. During discharge a number of people are involved, the doctor, nurse, social worker, patients significant others and the patient himself take an active part. In this group of people each individual plays a specific part in promoting

Relationship Between Staff Motivation and Performance

Relationship Between Staff Motivation and Performance INTRODUCTION Shortages can be a symptom of demotivation, poor management and lack of organizational support (Zurn et al., 2005). Shortages are resulting in heavy workload, which is a precursor to job stress, and burnout, which have also been linked to low job motivation. Nurses job motivation is an elusive concept, which is defined within its extrinsic and intrinsic values (Cowin, 2002). Extrinsic values encompass the tangible aspects of the job including wages, benefits and bonuses, whereas intrinsic values include status, recognition, personal and professional development opportunities, and other similar factors (Cowin, 2002). Reasons for nurse demotivation have been well documented in the nursing literature. Such reasons include lack of involvement in decision-making, poor relationship with management, low salaries and poor benefits, lack of job security, poor recognition and lack of flexibility in scheduling (Albaugh,2003). Nurse demotivation has been also linked to emotional exhaustion and b urnout, Which can affect patient outcomes (Aiken et al., 1997). Furthermore Shields Ward (2001) and Tzeng (2002) has also stated that improper motivation is a primary predictor of nurses intent to leave (Shields Ward, 2001; Tzeng, 2002). A study conducted in the United States presented evidence showing that demotivated nurses were 65% more likely to have intent to leave compared to the motivated counterparts (Shields Ward, 2001). Other predictors of intent to leave vary from other motivation factors like low salaries and fringe benefits, inflexible work schedule (Coomber Barriball, 2007; Hayes et al, 2006), career advancement prospects (Tzeng, 2002, Rambur et al., 2003), in addition to poor management and job stress (Rambur et al., 2003). Nurses turnover is linked to situational factors (Larrabee et al., 2003) such as low levels of motivation (Tzeng, 2002). It is worth noting that improper motivation has also been found to be a better predictor of intent to leave as compared to the avail ability of other employment opportunities (Shields Ward, 2001; Purani Sahadev 2007). A study by El-Jardali et al. (2007) also found a negative correlation between motivation and intention to leave in Lebanese nurses. Their studys main objective was to examine the impact of motivation as a predictor variable on intention to leave used as dependent variable in the study. The finding of the study reveals that the main cause of the dissatisfaction and hence intention to leave was negatively associated with hospitals motivation schemes such as compensation and incentives (extrinsic rewards). Purani and Sahadev (2007) used motivation with multi-faceted construct as predictor variable and examine its impact on intention to leave among the nurses in India. Assuming one of the role as interaction and communication with clients and patient of both profession is common, their study also used experience as moderating variables to examine how working experience could affect motivation and inte ntion to leave relationship. Purani and Sahadev (2007) found that employees with long stay at workplace had higher level of motivation and would not incline to quit. Their finding also suggested that motivation and intention to leave relationship framework must also have other demographic variables consideration into the model of motivation and intention to leave. Pearson and Chong (1997) also examined the impact of job content and job information on motivation among Malaysian nurses in large public sector hospital. They found that job information is stronger predictor to nurses motivation and therefore argued that intrinsic factors such as job information and organization commitment also influence nurses motivation. However, they did recommend that motivation with information cues available to nurses are crucial to determine nurses motivation which may lead to intent to leave or higher job burnout, if not available. Tzeng (2002) examined the impact of working motivational factors a s well as job satisfaction factors as independent variables on nurses intention to leave in cross-sectional study in Taiwan. He found that low levels of motivation, emotional exhaustion and burnout and to the poor social image of the nursing profession influenced nurses intention to leave in Taiwans hospitals. This study therefore, suggested that motivation is a multi-faceted construct and should have both intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors to measure job satisfaction (Tzeng, 2002). HOW MOTIVATION AFFECTS EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE The extent to which employees are motivated in their work depends on how well those employees are able to provide output in their job. Motivation is expected to have a positive effect on quality performance. Employees who are characterized by a high level of motivation show a higher work and life satisfaction. Having a high level of motivation is therefore in itself valuable for employees and a decrease in motivation might affect employees negatively. The motivation leads to high level of initiative and creativity from the employee and where monitoring is difficult, motivation is therefore extremely important for ensuring high quality performance. In Armco Health Center, the quality of employee performance is measured by three individual measures of employee performance. The first measure of the individual performance items is a self-rating measure of employee performance through a program called SAP. The performance of the employee asks to indicate eight-points scale how well the em ployee is doing the job. The second measure of the performance of the Armco Health Center is the extent to which the nurses are willing to conduct tasks that are not part of their job description. The employees are asked to report on the SAP about their willingness to perform additional tasks that are not expected from them regularly and to think constructively about how the organization they work for could be proved. Last item that measure the performance of the nurses are the number of days they were absent. EMPOWERMENT AND STAFF MOTIVATION Nursing is increasingly broad in scope and encompasses an ever widening range of work behaviors and role responsibilities. However, they work within a climate of uncertainty and disempowerment along with high organizational demands placing them under considerable stress (1,2). This condition threatens both physical and emotional wellbeing of nurses and the profession itself and may results to low nurses commitment which in turn may contribute to disengagement or withdrawal of nurses from their organizations (3,4). Consequently, threatens organizational functioning and the quality care, since low nurses commitment leads to absenteeism or poor performance (5). However, the nurses low commitment is being a problem in many countries, Aiken et al(6) have cautioned that the health care workforce faces the serious risk of losing one in five registered nurse for reasons other than retirement. Supportively, several other studies revealed that the turnover rate for hospital registered nurse is among the highest rates found for professional and technical occupational groups (7,8). In addition, in 2002 the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO) recorded that current annual registered nurse turnover rates range from 18% to 26% (9). Moreover, Victorian Governmental Department of Human Services Research suggests that at low levels of job satisfaction and organizational commitment, retention of nursing staff is difficult and this in turn increases absenteeism (10). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, like many other countries is also suffering from nursing low commitment which evidenced by registered nurses high turnover rate and resignation(11). However, some national studies and articles highlighted that governmental sectors in Riyadh city were suffering for many years from high turnover rate of nurses that reached to 70% in some hospitals and resulted in high nurses shortage (12,13) . Along with working condition, salary, nursing disempowerment and uncertainty being cited to explain why the nurses exhibit poor work performance or uncommitted to their organization. In a research conducted by Attree (17) that studies the relationship between nurses perception regarding their control and governance , revealed that registered nurse were dissatisfied with their governance, perceived lack of control over their everyday practice and commented on a popular perception that they had become disempowered , lacked influence and asserted that they have fairly little power. Its the managers and physicians who have the power, not nurses. Both managers and physicians decided, told and expected from the nurse to just get on with it, without discussion, or negotiation. As Salvage (18), nurses may see themselves as skilled practitioners, but the public still clings to its old image of the nurse as the doctors handmaiden. This indicates that nurses are not powerless due to lack in competence, motivation, and/or information, but because lack of awareness and enabling system and structure. Foser and Hoggett (19) termed this situation as a Do more with less culture where rhetoric is designed to empower the exhausted workers by emphasizing their commitment to organizational goals . However, disparity between the nurses desired and perceived autonomy and control over daily job activities interferes with nurses attempts to perform according to their expectations as professionals and may contribute to disengagement and withdrawal from the profession of nursing (17). Parallel to this is the national view of nursing in Saudi culture. Abu- Zinada (11,20) stated in many articles that the nurses were disempowered, and have a feeling of uncertainty. In contrast, she saw that the nurse has the right to make decisions that are separate of the physician ones. Moreover, Al-morshed (21) considered that the nurses were not assistants to the physician or that their role is limited to giving injection or helping a patient, since the nursing is a science before everything. Thus, creating conditions that foster a sense of empowerment in healthcare settings are critical to both employee wellbeing and organizational success(22) . For employee well-being, empowerment offers opportunities for learning, development, and playing a more active role in operational decisions through the personal development and involvement in decision making. As a result, employees can sense their feelings of self-worth, meaningfulness, job satisfaction and morale that result from their contributions and control or autonomy over their work. Additionally, empowerment is essential for enhancing nurses role, strengthening the professional image, and continuously improving the healthcare system. It allows the nurses to perform in a professional manner by being more autonomous, responsible and participative (23). For organizational success, many hospitals uses the concept of empowerment as a retention strategies to improve nurses commitment by fostering the desire not to leave the organization for selfish interests or marginal gains, and increase willingness to work by making personal sacrifice, performing beyond normal expectations , endure difficult times with an organization and increasing acceptance of organizations values and goals . As a consequence, nurses will be less burned-out and more engaged in their work and will contribute to organizational effectiveness (24). Although, the concept of empowerment is frequently used in health services and in nursing ,particularly in relation to the quality of care, since the mission of nursing is to provide safe and quality nursing care thereby enabling patients to achieve their maximum level of wellness(25). Also empowerment play a significant role in the management of job stress and job satisfaction as well as in nurse attraction and retention ( 26). Hence, creating healthy work conditions that empowered nurses and provide freedom to act according to their expectation as a professional, may be a fruitful strategy for nurse managers and administrators to retain nurses who currently work by promoting their commitment to the organization, especially in a critical care settings. Nowadays, many seek power but few possess it. Nurses are not exception (Marquis and Huston, 2000). In health care settings, an unequal power base exists among administrator, physicians, and nurses as a result of the competing goals of administration and the coexistence of multiple lines of authority (Sabiston and Laschinger, 1995). The rigidity of hierarchical rule-bound structures has been specifically blamed for nurses inability to sufficiently control the content of their practice (Laschinger and Havens, 1996). Kanter (1993) proposed that an individuals effectiveness on the job is influenced largely by organizational aspects of the work environment. This author identified power and access to opportunities to learn and grow, as structural determinants affecting the behavior of the individual. This power is derived from the ability to mobilize information, support, and resources necessary for getting the job done. Access to these empowering structures is influenced by the degree of formal and informal power an employee has in the organization (Kanter,1993). Formal power evolves from having a defined job that affords flexibility, visibility and centrality to organizational purpose and goals whereas informal power is determined by the extent of employees networks and alliances with sponsors, peers, and subordinates within the organization. Access to these empowering structures has a positive impact on employees, resulting in increase in their job satisfaction, level of organizational commitment and feelings of autonomy. Consequently, employees are more productive and effective in meeting organizational goals (Dutcher and Adams, 1994 ; Laschinger et. al., 1999). Nurses autonomy or control over work was seriously limited by unequal power relationships with medical staff, which enhanced physician power and restricted the nurses freedom, and consequently hindered their empowerment (McParland et al., 2000). To achieve excellence in nursing requires empowered staff nurses in order to be effective in their roles, and to be more autonomous (Marquis and Huston, 2000). Nurses who perceive them to be empowered are more likely to enhance client care through more effective work practice. Thus by providing the sources of job-related empowerment and autonomy, work methods and outcomes could be improved (Kanter, 1993; Sabiston and Laschinger, 1995). EMPOWERMENT IMPROVES MOTIVATION Empowerment. Thomas and Velthouse (1990) define empowerment as personal power that flows from professional growth, which is correlated with job satisfaction. Klakovich (1995) further states that the empowerment of nursing staff may be the critical variable in achieving positive organizational outcomes while maintaining the caring values of the nursing profession Klakovich (1996) defines three dimensions of empowerment as reciprocity, synergy, and ownership. Empowerment is a reciprocal leader-follower relationship that advances and aligns strategies, both organizational and individual (Klakovich, 1995). The Reciprocal Empowerment Scale tool reports in three subscales: reciprocity and synergy sub-scales represent the interactive leader/follower process; the ownership subscale represents the outcomes . Reciprocity involves a leadership behavior pattern of sharing power, support and information. Empowerment Research has shown correlations between nursing leadership job satisfaction and e mpowerment (Laschinger et al., 2003; Mrayyan, 2004). In recent years, the idea of empowerment has become popular in the nursing literature (Kluska et al., 2000; Laschinger Finegan, 2005). The review of the literature reveals empowerment being used in various contexts; such as, mental health, chronic care, and health promotion (Dahlgaard Dahlgaard, (2003), Paterson(2001) . In these contexts, the concept of empowerment incorporates positive and respectful relationships through constant dialog (Ellefsen Hamilton, (2000) Prybil( 2003). Morrison, Jones, and Fuller (1997) performed a non-experimental descriptive study that explored the effects of leadership style and empowerment on nursing job satisfaction. The participants included various nursing personnel, such as nurse managers, nursing assistants, nursing clinical leaders, licensed practical nurses and staff nurses. The researchers examined how staff nurses perceived empowerment The researchers results in their variance analysis i ndicated a statistically significant difference in empowerment among different job classifications within the organization Empowerment accounted for more variance with job satisfaction for licensed personnel than for unlicensed personnel, as well as, for differing by type of satisfaction. The researchers findings indicate the importance of empowerment to staff nurse job satisfaction. They also show the contribution of empowerment to job motivation and how they vary by personnel. This study gives reason for performing this research study that examined the relationship of nurse empowerment and motivation Furthermore, studies have shown that Indian nurses had a moderate empowerment level and their actual work empowerment perception was significantly lower than their expectation (Huang, Lin, Hsu, Chen, Huang, 2003). The findings also showed that nurses had the lowest score on participation in decision making. Researchers pointed out that the nursing leaders tended to use authority and might only consult several members opinions for decision making. The opportunity for nurses to participate in decision making is limited. As such, frontline nurses might think decision making is the managers responsibility, not theirs (Mok Au-Yeung, 2002). Participation can be seen as the highest level of empowerment. Nurses level of participation in decision making (PDM) can be used as an important indicator of empowerment. In western health care system, it has been found that the area where nurses prefer to be involved in decision-making is more related to the context of nursing practice, such as nursing unit operation (Blegen et al., 1993). Yet, in Indian nurses PDM is still not well studied. The extent to which nurses prefer to be or are actually involved in decision making is still not clear. Laschinger and Finegan (2005) surveyed 273 medical, surgical and critical care nurses concluding that structural empowerment had a direct effect on organizational trust and respect, job motivation and commitment. An important addition to the understanding of empowerment in nursing education was another finding that empowerment increased motivation level of the nurses (Falk-Raphael, Chinn, Anderson, Laschinger, Rubotzky, 2004) Work empowerment has been linked to many other important organizational outcomes, such as job motivation, organizational commitment, lower levels of job stress and empowering leader behaviors (Spence-Laschinger, Tuer-Hodes, 2003). Hollinger-Smith and Ortigara (2004) stated that nurses perceptions of work empowerment are related to commitment to and trust in the organization, autonomy, participation in organizational decision-making, and job motivation. Increased autonomy and work motivation have been directly linked to nurse retention and increased patient satisfaction (Hollinger-Smith Ortigara, 2004). Empowering work environments can also influence nurses ability to practice in a professional manner, ensuring excellent patient care and positive organizational outcomes. Organizational changes have a direct effect on the work environment and may contribute to higher rates of demotivation, burnout and absenteeism among staff (Kuokkanen, Savikko Doran, 2007). Factors of empowerment c an also provide a way to measure the effects of organizational changes (Kuokkanen et al., 2007). To achieve excellence in nursing requires empowered staff nurses in order to be effective in their roles, and to be more autonomous (Marquis and Huston, 2000). Nurses who perceive them to be empowered are more likely to enhance patient care through more effective work practice. Thus by providing the sources of job-related empowerment and autonomy, work methods and outcomes could be improved (Kanter, 1993; Sabistonand Laschinger, 1995). In Sochalskis (2002) survey of nurse empowerment , it was found that 1 out of 3 staff nurse participants (manager and staff level) were dissatisfied and hence demotivated in their job. Increasing job satisfaction, as it positively correlates with empowerment and organizational commitment, is a strategy to help retain employees (Laschinger, Finegan, Shamian, Casier, 2000). As patient care becomes more technologically advanced and complex, (requiring greater experience on the part of nursing staff to perform the job correctly), workplace stability and a utonomy become invaluable in a hospital setting (Laschinger et al,2000.). Many researchers have concluded that building collaborative decision making teams will empower both nursing and managerial staff; which boosts morale and work performance (Cowin, 2002 Kluska et al., 2004). Ellefsen and Hamilton (2000) concluded that nurse empowerment encourages nurses in management positions to perform their duties efficiently and with confidence and competence. Research suggests when hospital leadership encourages subordinate empowerment; there is a direct link to increased subordinate job satisfaction and motivation (Laschinger, Finegan, Shamian, Wilk, 2001). Evidence has shown that empowered nurses shift their self-perceived role from that of a subordinate to collaborator; which encourages consensus building, improves job ownership, improves trust and the followers motivation, sense of responsibility and organizational commitment( Wagner ,2006 Watson, 2002). Empowerment not only increase s job motivation, but inspirational and visionary transformational leadership encourages the highest level of staff efficiency and productivity (Keuter, Byrne, Voell, Larson, 2000; Moss Rowles, 1997). Masi (2000) concluded that empowerment provides opportunities for choice and promotes autonomy, which allows subordinates to demonstrate their competencies. The espoused benefits of empowerment The supposed benefits of empowerment can be broadly divided into two areas: benefits for the organization; and benefits for the individual. Much of the empirical research into empowerment has focused on organizational benefits assuming that these are the driving force behind attempts to engender empowered working (Cunningham et al., 1996). Certainly the motivation for managerial adoption of empowerment is typically driven to help managers manage and improve work organization and job performance, not to primarily create an environment that is beneficial for the employee (Psoinos and Smithson, 2002). Global competition and a changing business environment have prompted organizational change in response to increased pressures to improve efficiency and performance (Lawler et al., 1992). It has been argued that organizations with higher levels of empowerment have demonstrated improvements in various economic performance areas (Applebaum et al., 1999). The economic benefits of empowerment s pecifically may be difficult to assess as often it is introduced as part of a broader initiative such as BPR and TQM (Psoinos and Smithson, 2002). Despite the espoused organisational benefits Argyris (1998) argues that empowerment has still not delivered the promised benefits, remaining a myth rather than reality. While it could be argued that the primary motive for empowerment is initially driven by the need to improve the economic performance of the organisation, benefits to the individual employee have also been identified. Nykodym et al. (1994) found that employees who consider themselves empowered have reduced conflict and ambiguity in their role, as they are able to control (to a certain extent) their own environment. They suggested that this reduces emotional strain on the employee. Similarly, it has been suggested that empowered employees have a greater sense of job satisfaction, motivation and organisational loyalty (Koberg et al., 1999, Spreitzer et al., 1997). Empowerment cannot only impact attitudes but it can also impact on performance, specifically employee productivity (Koberg et al., 1999) and employee effectiveness (Spreitzer et al., 1997). Overall the literature points to many potential benefits to both organisations and employees like if the workplace empowerment is successful, then it produces a win-win situation (Lashley, 1999). However, despite the strong support for empowerment in theory, in practice empowerment may exist in rhetoric only and control is the reality for employees (Sewell and Wilkinson, 1992). Although it may be considered that employee empowerment will improve organizational performance but it is possible that empowered employees are not necessarily more motivated or have higher levels of job satisfaction (Collins, 1999). Thus the benefits of empowerment should not be assumed to automatically occur nor should the rhetoric of empowerment be confused with the reality. Measurement of the employee benefits is very difficult t o achieve. Unlike organisational benefits which can be measured using objective facts, individual benefits are much more complex. Certain objective measures, such as absence and turnover rates have been applied in this context (Psoinos and Smithson, 2002). However, it is often considered that softer measures of employees attitudes may provide informative insights omitted by other more tangible measures (Psoinos and Smithson, 2002). FACTORS IMPORTANT FOR MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES One of the most perplexing healthcare retention issues is keeping newly licensed nurses from leaving after just a year or two of employment in the clinical setting (Zucker, Goss, Williams, Bloodworth, Lynn, Denker, et al., 2006). Kovner, Brewer, and Djukic (2007) presented evidence that 13% of newly licensed 1490 RNs had changed principal jobs after one year, and 37% reported that they felt ready to change jobs. Nurses leave the profession mainly because of low pay and poor job satisfaction (DiMeglio, Padula, Piatek, 2005)Hence pay and motivation at workplace are very important factors of retaining the staff. Therefore, nurse leaders are faced with two challenges: to recruit sufficiently qualified nurses and to establish rewarding work cultures that promote retention. Recruiting a younger generation of nursing staff members and meeting retention demands of cross-generational nurses will be a challenge like no other previously seen in healthcare (Cordinez, 2002). Newly licensed nurse s recruitment and retention into the workplace are fundamental strategies for ensuring that healthcare systems have the continued capacity to deliver patient care (Berliner Ginzberg, 2002). Understanding why newly licensed registered nurses choose to remain in nursing is an essential component of recruitment and retention strategies. Despite a recent four year trend of increasing nursing school enrollment and graduation of qualified nurses (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2005), the latest data on the shortage of RNs in the United States is estimated to reach about 500,000 by 2025 (Buerhas, Staiger, Auerbach, 2000.This study shows that nursing shortage is going to increase and hence motivating factors like pay,proper work environment and empowerment are necessary for retaining the experienced nurse staff. Hecker (2005) predicts that more than one million new and replacement nurses will be needed by the year 2014. The problem is that many of the newly licensed nurses w ill not remain in nursing and will choose to leave the profession within four years of graduation from a nursing program (Sochalski, 2002). In a study by Bowles and Candela (2005), 30% of newly licensed RNs left their first nursing position within one year of employment, and 57% left their first nursing position within two years of employment.This study further provides evidence that adds to the case study done by Kovner, Brewer, and Djukic (2007) which also adds to data and evidence that nurses are leaving their profession due to lack of empowerment and motivation in hospitals. The nursing shortage and the high incidence of turnover among newly licensed nurses within the first year of employment need to be investigated. It is well documented that nurses are leaving the profession because they are dissatisfied with current working conditions and not because they are disenchanted with the ideal of nursing, which originally attracted them to the profession (Lynn Redman, 2005; Strachota, Normandin, OBrien, Clary, Krukow, 2003). There is limited research that addresses newly licensed registered nurses career choices post-graduation. The future of nursing rests in the ability to recruit and retain upcoming generations to the profession.Currently, however, there is limited knowledge concerning what influences the decisions of newly licensed registered nurses to remain in nursing. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify factors that influence newly licensed registered nurses decision to remain in nursing. The shortage of people entering professional nursing, nurses dissatisfaction, and high turnover of newly licensed registered nurses are issues of concern. The national shortage in the nursing workforce highlights the critical importance of encouraging nurses to remain in practice. Evidence suggests that a shortage of nurses is detrimental not only to quality of patient care, but also to staff morale, which in turn affects staff retention (Wilson, 2006). The socialization and assimilation of newly licensed nurses into the healthcare system is a pivotal event that influences the retention of nurses (Aiken, Clarke, Sloane, Sochalaski, Silber, 2002). Professional socialization and work readiness are contributing factors to the retention of newly licensed registered nurses. The transition from student to new nurse is a vital period in several ways. It is the quality of this transitional experience that is likely to influence new nurse retention (Clare van Loon, 2003; Duchsch er, 2001; Ewens, 2003). Professional socialization, a potential buffer to the effects of reality shock, includes the acquisition of knowledge, skills, identity, occupational traits, values, norms, and self-concept (Mamchur Myrick, 2003). The process of professional socialization, from career choice to transition to enculturation to the practice setting is influenced by others, especially other nurses (Beck, 2000; Hinds Harley, 2001). It is this initial professional socialization of nurses that will determine the success or failure of retaining new nurses in the healthcare workplace. The increasing complexity of health services and the acuity of patient care create an expectation by the healthcare organization that the new nurse will hit the ground running (Cowin Hengstberger-Sims, 2006, p. 61). Furthermore, Cowin and Hengstberger-Sims believe the workplace expects newly licensed nurses to quickly fulfill their potential as knowledgeable workers, but the health organization remune rates newly licensed nurses at the lowest possible pay scale. These researchers asserted that incongruencies such as high level of stress related to responsibility and high workloads paired with minimum pay compound the effects of reality shock of nurses new to the field. The healthcare workplace demands work readiness from its newest nurses and the partnership of responsibility for work readiness between nursing education and the workplace can be described as precarious. The strategies of mentorship and preceptor ship have been embraced within many healthcare organizations as a means of increasing work readiness, decreasing the effects of reality shock and lessening the possibility of new nurse attrition (Greenwood, 2000). The period that separates a novice practitioner from an advanced beginner is one which requires support, guidance and constant supervision by experienced individuals to ensure newly licensed nurses develop competently and safely, b

Spider-Man Essay -- Movies, Film, Cinematography

The director of Spider-Man (Sam Raimi) has introduced the audience to a feeling of aspiration through a variety of different techniques and captures the viewer’s attention to the smallest details with great success and deliverance to become the character that is Peter Parker. One of the ways that make the audience aspire to be Spider-Man is the set. The idea of the director is to involve the viewer in the story; he does this by having a set that most people at home can relate to, as the family in Spider-Man have not got a lot of money and are an average group and a typical American family. The set that Sam designed for the various scenes in Spider-Man is realistic and makes the viewer believe they are real, although, in the wrestling scene, Sam managed to make this scene and the scenes leading up to it so realistic that the audience don’t think that they don’t have planned wrestling matches in America. Mise en scà ¨ne includes this and is one of the very useful techniques, and can have an overwhelming effect on the viewer, as everything that is on the screen at any one time is there for a reason, and has a meaning. It gives the viewer information on the surrounding area or people. For example, if the kitchen cupboards are meant to be white, but are a yellowy brown colour, this could mean that the person smokes a lot, or that they aren’t very clean. This is used to its full potential in Spider-Man as the director makes sure the viewer can understand everything about Peter, and give them an idea of what they are aspiring to be. Peters room is a typi cal sized, single bedroom, but in it there is things you wouldn’t think Spider-Man would have in his room. Like a computer and lots of factual books, but this helps create Spider-Mans... ...is children and people listening to all the music and taking part in the activities, but the audience hear an almost scary piece of music and his Spider senses, the viewer knows something is wrong and that he is going to have to save them. Contrapuntal is also used when you hear his spider senses every time, as there is normally something good happening at the time. For example, at the fete or fair, everyone is supposedly having a good time, although we can hear peters spidey senses going off, and we can see that the green goblin is bearing down onto the fair. This all shows that the reason for the viewer wanting to be spider-man is the fact that the director, Sam Raimi, has managed to bring together some of the greatest techniques and fine tune them into his own style, then apply them to this film, making the viewer really feel as if they can relate to spider-man.

Figurative Language in Night

The Holocaust made an impact on everybodys lives but Eli Wiesel has a one of a kind story. In the novel Night written by Eli Wiesel he shares to everybody about the hardships in concentration camps as a young boy. He describes some of the horrible events using fgurative language to clearly show his experiences in the Holocaust. Eli uses ‘night' to convey the horrors he witnessed around him when the prisoners are on the freezing cattle cars and also his first day in the camp.Eli uses figurative language to create a better image in your mind about what he is talking about. For example when the prisoners are on the cattle car during the freezing winter Eli mentions, â€Å"The night was growing longer, never ending† (98). Eli isn't Just saying that the nights are longer in time he is implying that the hardships he is going through are getting worse and longer. Everyone at times cannot express an event without using figurative language.For instance when Eli first arrives at t he concentration camp he sees things that he will never get out of his mind. â€Å"Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp that turned my life into one long night† (34). Here Eli is using â€Å"night† as all the hardships nd he states that his life is â€Å"one long night. † While all of the prisoners were treated like animals and forced to fit into cattle cars, Eli says â€Å"The days resembled nights and the nights left in our souls†(100).Eli is stating how the horrors everybody is experiencing are never ending and also never- ending in their souls. Throughout Eli's story he frequently uses ‘night' in his figurative language to create an image of what all of the prisoners went through. The Holocaust changed lives all across the world showing that people will do horrible things and it also shows how strong people really are.

The Incredible Life of Marilyn Monroe Essay Example

The Incredible Life of Marilyn Monroe Essay Example The Incredible Life of Marilyn Monroe Paper The Incredible Life of Marilyn Monroe Paper Essay Topic: Life Is Beautiful â€Å"I want to grow old without face-lifts†¦ I want to have the courage to be loyal to the face I have made. Sometimes I think it would be easier to avoid old age, to die young, but then you would never complete your whole life, would you? You would never wholly know yourself. † (Monroe) Although this statement didn’t come true, Marilyn Monroe had a memorable life filled with many ups and downs. Who would think that such a successful young woman had such an unstable life? On June 1, 1926 a baby girl was born to Gladys Mortensen at 9:30 a. m. in Los Angeles, California. No one is sure who her father is because her mother was with many men at the time she got pregnant, but believe it was either Martin Edward Mortensen or Charles Gifford. Her birth name was either Norma Jeane Baker or Norma Jeane Mortensen; know to us as Marilyn Monroe. She has two older half-siblings on her mothers side that she has never met. Almost immediately after giving birth, Gladys Mortensen brought Norma to live with Ida and Albert Bolender, who raised her until she was seven years old. It isn’t clear why Gladys had someone else raise her little girl, but being a single mother working in the Great Depression wasn’t easy. Others believe she simply didn’t have the interest or commitment to raise a child. In 1933, after Norma’s 7th birthday, her mother took her back from foster care and decided that she would try raising her on her own. They never had a stable place to live and Norma wasn’t used to the rowdiness and all the drinking in her new home. Several months later Gladys began to be very depressed and avoid all the people around her. She was unable to deal with her life and entered a rest home and then the hospital. The rest of Norma’s life would now be filled with chaos since she didn’t have anywhere to go besides foster homes. In 1935, when Norma was nine her mother was declared legally insane. Grace McKee, Gladys’ best friend; applied to be Norma’s legal guardian. While waiting for the court to appoint a new guardian, she was sent to live in the Los Angeles Orphans Home until she was eleven. In 1937, McKee and Ervin â€Å"Doc† Goddard married and became Norma’s guardian. After six months with â€Å"Aunt Grace† and family, she was sent to live with distant relatives in Compton. This was probably due to the speculations that Goddard may have attempted to molest her. At first I was waking up in the morning at the Goddards’ and thinking I was still at the orphanage. Then, before I could get used to them I was with another aunt and uncle, waking up and thinking I was still at the Goddards. † (Monroe 25) At age twelve she returned to Los Angeles and went to live with Grace (McKee) Goddard’s aunt, 58-year-old Ana Lower. â€Å"She was the first person in the world I ever really loved†¦She was the only one who loved and understood me. † (Monroe 26) At the end of her ninth grade Lower had developed health problems forcing Norma to go back and live with the Goddards. During her first year of high school, Doc Goddard was being transferred to West Virginia and the family was moving too. They decided it would be best to leave Norma, and since Aunt Ana’s health had improved she would move back in with her. She never returned to school after beginning the second semester. In 1941 Norma became good friends with Jim Dougherty, her neighbor. They decided to begin dating even though he was five years older. After being together for six months and Norma finally reaching the legal age to marry (sixteen in the state of California at that time), they wed on June 19, 1942. Our marriage may have been in some place short of heaven, like in the minds of two older ladies, but there was no pretense in how Norma Jeane and I felt about each other once we’d formed that partnership. † (Dougherty 28) She spent the first year of their marriage as a housewife, and then Jim joined the Merchant Marines so they moved to Catalina Island where he was statio ned. In 1944, Jim was sent to the South Pacific with the other Merchant Marines. With Jim gone she began to work at a manufacturer with Jim’s mother called the Radioplane Company. She worked in the â€Å"dope room† making twenty-dollars a week (the nations minimum wage). While working she was spotted by a photographer named David Convor who was taking pictures of women helping the war cause. He said that Marilyn was a â€Å"photographers dream. † Convor started sending her modeling jobs. Norma now had to choose between Jim and her career, she choose her career, causing them to get a divorce in 1946. She began to model in 1946 to earn some extra money. Norma had been modeling for seven years, and then decided to move to Hollywood to further pursue her career. Two years later she became a popular model with many magazines. Norma wanted to do something more with her career and enrolled in a drama class. She signed her first contract with Twentieth Century Fox on August 26, 1946 and decided to dye her hair blonde and changed her name to Marilyn Monroe. She was now making one hundred and twenty-five dollars a week. â€Å"She projected an enchanting contrariness on the screen; innocent one minute, naughty the next, and always desirable. † (Luce 32) In 1947 she played in her first movie, â€Å"The Shocking Miss Pilgrim†. She played tiny parts in movies until the 1950’s when she played a small but important role in â€Å"The Asphalt Jungle†. Her role in the movie â€Å"Gentlemen Prefer Blondes† brought her stardom in 1953. She then played in popular movies such as â€Å"All About Eve,† â€Å"Gentlemen Prefer Blondes,† â€Å"Don’t Bother to Knock,† â€Å"The Seventh Year Itch,† â€Å"Some Like it Hot,† and â€Å"How to Marry a Millionaire. † Her first actual lead role was in â€Å"Don’t Bother to Knock† Marilyn was in the first issue of Playboy, it sold 54,175 issues. This helped make her the premier sex symbol of the fifties. After dating famous baseball star Joe DiMaggio for two years, they married on January 14, 1954. While they were on their honeymoon in Tokyo, Japan she preformed for the troops. Her presence almost caused a riot because it was during the war. This whole event made Joe uncomfortable and they decided to divorce on October 27, 1954, after nine months. It’s said that they divorced because of a â€Å"conflict between careers. † They stayed close friends after their divorce. The â€Å"Seven Year Itch† was being shot in New York in 1955, thousands of fans gathered on a street corner at 2:00 a. m. to watch and cheer as they filmed and photographed the famous skirt blowing scene due to the air from a subway vent. Hundreds of professional photographers came to watch Marilyn pose. She continued to pose for more than two hours just for her fans to get a glimpse. She then moved from Hollywood to New York to pursue a serious acting career. In 1956 Marilyn started her own motion picture company. â€Å"Hollywood’s a place where they will pay you a thousand dollars for a kiss, and fifty cents for your soul. † (Monroe) In 1957 Monroe became pregnant by Arthur Miller and miscarries her baby and decided to take a break from acting. She then returned and started in â€Å"Some Like it Hot† and went on to win a Golden Globe award for her performance. She becomes pregnant by Miller in 1959 and miscarries again. Marilyn then married for the third time on June 29, 1956 to famous playwright Arthur Miller. In 1961, Arthur wrote a special part just for Marilyn in the film â€Å"The Misfits. † This would be Marilyn’s last movie. They then divorced on January 20, 1962. . â€Å"On-screen, she was usually happy and energetic; off-screen she was a complex, often unhappy young woman, obsessed with becoming a serious actress and uncomfortable with a public image that had become impossible to control. † (Unknown 36) During 1962 Marilyn met John F. Kennedy. A relationship began to grow between Marilyn and John F. Kennedy. Later that year, Marilyn moved to a new home in Brentwood. She choose this home to be closer to JFK and her doctor. Marilyn’s doctor was delivering therapy for her abuse of sleeping pills. Marilyn had overdosed on sleeping pills before and had to be revived. She also had her stomach pumped for drugs frequently over the past few years. â€Å"Sometimes [fame] makes you a little bit sad because you’d like to meet somebody kind of on face value. It’s nice to be included in people’s fantasies, but you also like to be accepted for your own sake. (Monroe 36) Bobby Kennedy started to gain an attraction to Marilyn but she had her heart set on John Kennedy. John would go and visit her at her house and they would see each other at the Lawfords. They were caught by one of Kennedy’s advisor making love in a bathroom. They also talked frequently on the phone. Marilyn has hoped that JFK would divor ce Jackie Kennedy. She had told her friends she imagined herself as the first lady. In April of 1962 Marilyn began to work on the movie â€Å"Something’s Got to Give. † Monroe was fired from this movie due to a production disaster and the movie was never finished. She then performed for John F. Kennedy’s birthday at Madison Square Garden. Marilyn had to be sown into the dress that she would wear that night when she sang to JFK. He thanked Marilyn for singing to him in such a â€Å"sweet and wholesome way. † During the summer of 1962 Marilyn was told to stop all contact and relationships with the Kennedy brothers. Marilyn was destroyed and her heart was shattered. She became extremely depressed and wanted to confess about her relationships with the brothers. The Kennedy’s paid her a million dollars to keep it a secret. Marilyn’s career was said to be at the highest ever and she was working on a number of new film products that were thought to be very successful. She was extremely excited about working on these. The weekend before her death she spent the weekend in Lake Tahoe with her second husband Joe DiMaggio. There was a rumor that they had planned to re-marry. Since the Kennedy brothers wanted to be sure Marilyn didn’t say anything to the press, they sent people to follow her and DiMaggio. The following weekend after Lake Tahoe with DiMaggio, she was found dead in her Brentwood house. She had over dosed on fifty Nembutal sleeping pills that her doctor had prescribed the day before. Marilyn committed suicide at 3:50 a. m. on August 5, 1962 at the age of 36. Many believe she was murdered because she knew too much, but no one has been able to prove this to be true. Marilyn Monroe was a beautiful and talented person, it’s a shame that her life came to end when she was so young and at such a high point in her career. â€Å"The curves, blonde hair, and enigmatic pout were part of Marilyn Monroe’s glamorous yet wistful appeal. Combined with her comedic talent in such films as â€Å"Some Like it Hot,† they made her an American legend. † (Unknown 36) She is now the most written about film star in history and it’s obvious why. Monroe, Marilyn. â€Å"Icons of an Era: Unforgettable People. † The American Dream. Alexandria: Time-Life Books, 1998: 36 Unknown. â€Å"Icons of an Era: Unforgettable People. † The American Dream. Alexandria: Time-Life Books, 1998: 36 Monroe, Marilyn. Marilyn Monroe. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1995. Luce, Henry R. â€Å"Marilyn Monroe. † This Fabulous Century 1950-1960. New York: Hornfischer Literary Management: 1970.